- Reference
- New York Agric.Exp.Sta.Bull. 1925(2):77 (1925)
- Conservation Code
- Not threatened
- Naturalised Status
- Alien to Western Australia
- Name Status
- Current
Decumbent shrub, to 3 m high. Fl. white, Oct to Dec or Jan. Grey to black-grey sand, red-brown gravelly loam, granite. Low flats, along watercourses and streams, near swamps, roadsides.
Distribution
- IBRA Regions
- Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain, Warren.
- IBRA Subregions
- Northern Jarrah Forest, Perth, Recherche, Southern Jarrah Forest, Warren.
- IMCRA Regions
- Leeuwin-Naturaliste.
- Local Government Areas (LGAs)
- Armadale, Augusta Margaret River, Bayswater, Bridgetown-Greenbushes, Canning, Denmark, Esperance, Gosnells, Harvey, Kalamunda, Manjimup, Mundaring, Murray, Stirling, Swan, Toodyay, Wandering, Waroona.
Management Notes (for the Swan NRM Region)
Alternative Names. Early blackberry, Bundy blackberry, plains blackberry.
General Biology. Growth form. Shrub. Reproduction. Seed, stem layering, suckering. Dispersal. Birds, foxes, other mammals, garden refuse. Vegetative regeneration strategy. Resprouts, produces root suckers, stem layering. Seedbank persistence. Unknown for this species, however seed dormancy and vaiblility is highly variable within Rubus, all species have some dormancy.
Notes. In 2004/2005 herbarium collections of blackberry were made across the state as part of a NRM project to determine the overall distribution and incidence of weedy blackberry taxa. It identified WA has several weedy Rubus species, with no native Rubus species. A project commenced in 2007 to create a blackberry-free buffer zone in the Australind-Wellington District, with the aim of containing R. laudatus to the north of this buffer area. For further information on identification refer to Barker and Barker (2005) Blackberry: an identification tool to introduced & native Rubus in Australia [CD-ROM] or CSIRO (2005) Field guide for the identification of WA blackberry. R. laudatus largely occurs in the northern areas of south western Western Australia, including Perth and Harvey. At one site near Perth, the species, as well as R. ulmifoloius and R. anglocandicans were found together, indicating the potential for all three species to colonise the same habitat. No biocontrol agents have been introduced for this species.
Additional information. Origin. North America. History of use/introduction. Garden/horticulture escape. Similar exotic species. R. anglocandicans, R. ulmifolius.
Suggested method of management and control. Spray with metsulfuron methyl 1 g/10 L + the wetting agent Endose® at 30 ml/10 L, in summer-autumn. Will require follow up for a number of years. For small infestations or in sensitive areas hand pull small plants or seedlings. For larger plants cut and paint with 20-50% glyphosate or slash canes. Spray regrowth at 50cm with metsulfuron methyl 1 g/10 L + the wetting agent Endose® at 30 ml/10 L, in summer-autumn. Read the manufacturers' labels and material safety data sheets before using herbicides. For further information consult the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority to determine the status of permits for your situation or state.
Management Calendar
| Calendar Type | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dormant | Y | Y | Y | ||||||||||
| Active Growth | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||||||
| Flowering | Y | Y | Y | Perth conditions, later south | |||||||||
| Fruiting | Y | Y | |||||||||||
| Optimum Treatment | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
Legend: Y = Yes, regularly, O = Occasionally, U = Uncertain, referred by others but not confirmed.
References
- Barker, R.M. & Barker, W.R. (2005) Blackberry: an identification tool to introduced and native Rubus in Australia. Edn 1.00. State Herbarium of South Australia, Adelaide.
- Brown, K. & Brooks, K. (2002) Bushland Weeds: A Practical Guide to their Management. Environmental Weeds Action Network, Greenwood.
- CRC Weed Management (2003) Weeds of National Significance, Weed Management Guide, Blackberry - Rubus fruticosus aggregate. Department of Environment and Heritage.
- Hussey, B.M.J., Keighery, G.J., Dodd, J., Lloyd, S.G. & Cousens, R.D. (2007) Western Weeds. A guide to the weeds of Western Australia. 2nd Edition. The Plant Protection Society of Western Australia, Victoria Park.
- Reeves, A. (2009) Ongoing management of the blackberry buffer zone. In Proceedings of the Western Australian Weeds Conference 2009: Fostering Solutions for the Future. Land & Water Australia, Weeds Society of WA & Botanic Gardens & Parks Authority Western Australian Ecology Centre, Bold Park, Floreat, Western Australia.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program (2009) Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx - Accessed October 2009.
- Yeoh, P.B., Scott, J.K., Batchelor, K.L., Morin, L., Fontanini, L., McFarlane, T.D., Wilson, I.J, Moore, J.H., Merks, P.F. & Taylor, M. (2006) Weedy blackberry and raspberry species in Western Australia and strategies for their management (Draft). CSIRO.