- Reference
- Compositae Newslett. 44:39 (2006)
- Conservation Code
- Not threatened
- Naturalised Status
- Alien to Western Australia
- Name Status
- Current
Erect annual, herb, to 0.7 m high. Red-brown loams or sandy clays, yellow-white or grey-brown sandy loam, brown clay loam, limestone, granite. Undulating sandplains, hills and slopes, valley slopes, creekbeds, saline watercourses.
Distribution
- IBRA Regions
- Avon Wheatbelt, Coolgardie, Esperance Plains, Geraldton Sandplains, Jarrah Forest, Mallee, Murchison, Swan Coastal Plain, Yalgoo.
- IBRA Subregions
- Eastern Goldfield, Eastern Mallee, Eastern Murchison, Edel, Fitzgerald, Geraldton Hills, Katanning, Lesueur Sandplain, Merredin, Northern Jarrah Forest, Perth, Recherche, Southern Cross, Tallering, Western Mallee, Western Murchison.
- IMCRA Regions
- Central West Coast.
- Local Government Areas (LGAs)
- Beverley, Bruce Rock, Bunbury, Canning, Carnamah, Chapman Valley, Chittering, Coolgardie, Coorow, Corrigin, Cunderdin, Dalwallinu, Dandaragan, Dowerin, Dundas, Esperance, Gingin, Gnowangerup, Goomalling, Greater Geraldton, Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Kellerberrin, Kondinin, Koorda, Kulin, Lake Grace, Leonora, Melville, Menzies, Merredin, Mingenew, Moora, Morawa, Mount Marshall, Mukinbudin, Mundaring, Narembeen, Nedlands, Northam, Northampton, Nungarin, Perenjori, Perth, Pingelly, Quairading, Ravensthorpe, South Perth, Stirling, Swan, Tammin, Trayning, Vincent, Wagin, Wanneroo, Wongan-Ballidu, Wyalkatchem, Yalgoo, Yilgarn, York.
Management Notes (for the Swan NRM Region)
General Biology. Growth form. Herb. Life form. Annual. Reproduction. Seed. Dispersal. Wind, water, soil movement.
Additional information. Origin. Southern Africa. History of use/introduction. Possibly as an ornamental.
Suggested method of management and control. Hand remove small populations and/or isolated plants prior to flowering. Try spot spraying with glyphosate at 0.5% before flowering. Read the manufacturers' labels and material safety data sheets before using herbicides. For further information consult the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority to determine the status of permits for your situation or state.
Management Calendar
| Calendar Type | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Germination | Y | Y | Y | ||||||||||
| Active Growth | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | |||||||
| Flowering | Y | Y | Y | ||||||||||
| Fruiting | Y | Y | |||||||||||
| Manual Removal | Y | Y | Y | Y | O | ||||||||
| Herbicide Treatment | O | Y | Y | Y | O |
Legend: Y = Yes, regularly, O = Occasionally, U = Uncertain, referred by others but not confirmed.
References
- Brown, K. & Brooks, K. (2002) Bushland Weeds: A Practical Guide to their Management. Environmental Weeds Action Network, Greenwood.
- Hussey, B.M.J., Keighery, G.J., Dodd, J., Lloyd, S.G. & Cousens, R.D. (2007) Western Weeds. A guide to the weeds of Western Australia. 2nd Edition. The Plant Protection Society of Western Australia, Victoria Park.
- Moore, C.B. & Moore, J.H. (2002) Herbiguide, the pesticide expert on a disk. Herbiguide, PO Box 44 Albany, Western Australia, 6330.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program (2009) Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN). National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysimple.aspx - Accessed October 2009.